Developing light-driven chemistry to produce hydrogen fuel has the potential to revolutionize the production of clean and sustainable energy to fulfill society’s growing energy needs. A significant roadblock in developing systems for photochemical fuel formation has been the need for high concentrations of sacrificial electron donors in most systems. Here, we demonstrate an innovative strategy for light-driven hydrogen production that, in place of chemical electron donors, leverages extracellular electron transfer from electrogenic bacteria (Shewanella oneidensis MR-1) to cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dots that perform photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. This novel living bio-nano system unlocks the catalytic potential of nanomaterials without relying on high-concentration sacrificial reductants. While this is a promising approach toward sustainable chemical fuel production, further enhancements are needed to maximize quantum yields and optimize hydrogen production activity. This work elucidates the role of multiheme cytochromes c in electron delivery to CdSe for hydrogen production, aiming to deepen our understanding and refine strategies for future optimization efforts.